Several European nations are deploying forces to the Middle East to protect citizens and interests amid the U.S.-Israeli conflict with Iran, even as they avoid joining the offensive.

France is sending air defense assets, warships, and Charles de Gaulle to secure Cyprus and shipping routes, while Greece has deployed F-16 jets and warships, including anti-drone systems, to assist Cyprus.

Britain is deploying a warship and helicopters with counter-drone capabilities to the Mediterranean and allowing U.S. forces to use its bases for defensive operations against Iranian missile threats.

Officials emphasize that these deployments are defensive, with Greece stressing its actions do not constitute participation in the war, the New York Times has reported.

British Prime Minister Keir Starmer defended the country’s stance, stating that the U.K. will act only with a lawful basis while supporting allies through defensive measures.